The Long Game: Who Stole the Steals Revisited

The Long Game: Who Stole the Steals Revisited

This article is part of our The Long Game series.

All the way back in spring training, I noted that steals were trending down across the majors. While the cause was unclear, the results on the field (and in fantasy leagues) have been significant. With just about a month's worth of action in the books, and with Dee Gordon suddenly sitting out for his PED transgressions for the next 80 games, it seems like a good time to panic! Uh ... I mean, "a good time to see if the spring trend is continuing into the regular season."

The short answer is yes. Yes it is.

.
YEARSBCSSB ATTSB/GMSBA/GMSB%
2016410188598.52.7668.5
2016 Proj.2,5301,1633,693.52.7668.5
20152,5051,0643,569.52.7372.0
20142,7641,0353,799.57.7872.8
20132,6931,0073,700.55.7672.8
20123,2291,1364,365.66.9074.0
20113,2791,2614,540.67.9372.2
20102,9591,1284,087.61.8472.4
20092,9701,1334,103.61.8472.4
20082,7991,0353,834.58.7973.0
20072,9181,0023,920.60.8174.4
20062,7671,1103,877.57.8071.4
20052,5651,0693,634.53.7576.0
20042,5891,1003,705.53.7669.4
20032,5731,1324,032.53.8368.2
20022,7501,2824,032.57.8368.2
20013,1031,4084,511.64.9368.8
20002,9241,3234,247.60.8768.8
19993,4211,5194,940.701.0269.3
19983,2841,5054,789.68.9868.6
19973,3081,5644,872
All the way back in spring training, I noted that steals were trending down across the majors. While the cause was unclear, the results on the field (and in fantasy leagues) have been significant. With just about a month's worth of action in the books, and with Dee Gordon suddenly sitting out for his PED transgressions for the next 80 games, it seems like a good time to panic! Uh ... I mean, "a good time to see if the spring trend is continuing into the regular season."

The short answer is yes. Yes it is.

.
YEARSBCSSB ATTSB/GMSBA/GMSB%
2016410188598.52.7668.5
2016 Proj.2,5301,1633,693.52.7668.5
20152,5051,0643,569.52.7372.0
20142,7641,0353,799.57.7872.8
20132,6931,0073,700.55.7672.8
20123,2291,1364,365.66.9074.0
20113,2791,2614,540.67.9372.2
20102,9591,1284,087.61.8472.4
20092,9701,1334,103.61.8472.4
20082,7991,0353,834.58.7973.0
20072,9181,0023,920.60.8174.4
20062,7671,1103,877.57.8071.4
20052,5651,0693,634.53.7576.0
20042,5891,1003,705.53.7669.4
20032,5731,1324,032.53.8368.2
20022,7501,2824,032.57.8368.2
20013,1031,4084,511.64.9368.8
20002,9241,3234,247.60.8768.8
19993,4211,5194,940.701.0269.3
19983,2841,5054,789.68.9868.6
19973,3081,5644,872.731.0867.9
19963,2391,3434,582.711.0177.0

The stats above are through Tuesday's games and don't paint a pretty picture, though, of course, things could change when the weather warms up. While the total number of major league stolen bases is roughly on pace to match last season's output, the success rate continues to plummet, and 2016's 68.5 percent would be the lowest in more than a decade. (Note that the stolen bases per game and attempts per game columns are by team, so your average box score from those years would contain double those steals and attempts.)

So what conclusions can we draw from these numbers?

Steals are more unpopular, from an organizational perspective, than they've ever been

From 1996 through 2001, teams attempts roughly one steal per game on average. Starting in 2002, that number declined -- bottoming out at 0.75 attempts per game in 2005 before climbing again and looking like it was headed back to one-per-game territory in 2011 and 2012. Then in 2013, the bottom fell out and still hasn't recovered.

That drop, from 2012's 0.9 attempts per game to 2013's 0.76, was the biggest change during the entire period, and roughly 0.75 attempts seem to be the new normal. What changed? It's hard to say. The wild card expanded to two teams in 2012, so maybe teams reacted to the slightly better chance of making the postseason by becoming more conservative. If you've got a better explanation, please leave it in the comments, as I don't think 2013's big rule change turning the "fake a throw to third with runners on the corners" play into a balk had much of an impact.

League-wide success rates change slowly

In terms of success rates, the cycle seems to be about a decade. From 1996 through 2005, the league-wide success rate hovered just below 70 percent and averaged 69.1 percent. From 2006 through 2014, it took a big jump, averaging 72.8 percent over that stretch. Then last year, success rates dropped back to about the 70-percent mark. If the pattern continues, it could be 2023 or so before there's another big change in success rate.

I'm pretty sure this recent change is due to the focus on catcher defense and holding runners close with slide-steps, varied delivery times and the like. Hank Conger aside, there are few catchers seeing regular action that can't gun down base stealers at something at least close to that 30-percent break-even mark. Brian McCann (career caught-stealing rate of 26 percent) might be the closest thing left in the majors to a bat-first backstop, and even he has shown big improvement lately, racking up a 36.5-percent caught-stealing rate over 2014 and 2015.

With that in mind, the trends certainly seem to be pointing toward a dark time ahead for stolen bases. Knowing that, however, gives you time to prepare in keeper and dynasty leagues.

Here are some strategies worth pursuing:

Make stolen-base threats priority trade targets

Well, yeah, of course. Whether trading for the future or the present, focus on acquiring prospects or major league players who can run at least a little (and preferably a lot). Sure, maybe Billy Burns really is a fourth outfielder in the long run now that his BABIP has returned to human levels, but he'll still get some playing time (and the associated steals) with the mix-and-match A's. Is someone getting antsy waiting for Jose Peraza's promotion? Make them an offer! Ask for Chris Owings as a throw-in to balance out that blockbuster you're negotiating. Heck, if you're in rebuilding mode, Dee Gordon might look a lot better on your roster than on the bench of someone who expected to be a title contender this season.

By hoarding speedsters before anyone else fully grasps how scarce a commodity they're going to be over the next few seasons, not only are you protected against future PED suspensions or other untimely injuries, you should be able to flip some of them at a premium down the road once your competitors realize how things have changed.

Don't overlook smaller contributors

In an offensive environment where teams are only stealing a base every two games, the definition of "contributor" in that category looks a little different. Consider the following:

YEARLEAGUE SB40+ SBTOP 10% of LGTOP 25% of LG
2015 2,505 3 377 15.05 732 29.22
2014 2,764 4 432 15.63 839 30.35
2013 2,693 8 425 15.78 833 30.93
2012 3,229 6 413 12.79 874 27.07
2011 3,279 8 437 13.33 896 27.33
2010 2,959 8 462 15.61 918 31.02
2009 2,970 7 456 15.35 875 29.46
2008 2,799 9 467 16.68 907 32.40
2007 2,918 8 499 17.10 959 32.86
2006 2,767 11 507 18.32 975 35.24
2005 2,565 7 480 18.71 854 33.29
2004 2,589 5 433 16.72 805 31.09
2003 2,573 6 429 16.67 781 30.35
2002 2,750 5 388 14.11 811 29.49
2001 3,103 5 430 13.86 876 28.23
2000 2,924 6 450 15.39 862 29.48
1999 3,421 6 477 13.94 992 29.00
1998 3,284 10 495 15.07 958 29.17
1997 3,308 11 553 16.72 1,019 30.80
1996 3,239 8 506 15.62 978 30.19

As you can see, the number of players who are real difference makers in steals is dwindling (defined here as players stealing 40 or more bases in a season), as is the share of league-wide steals represented by the top 10 thieves from what was considered the norm just a decade ago. The league-wide share accumulated by the top 25, however, has remained fairly flat, indicating that while the elite might be an endangered species, the number of players who can count themselves as very good in the category remains about the same. You just have to adjust your expectations. In 2006, Bobby Abreu's 30 steals landed him 19th on the leaderboard while Johnny Damon barely cracked the top 25 with his 25 swipes. In 2015, Starling Marte's 30 steals were seventh most in the majors, while Mookie Betts, Jacoby Ellsbury, Paul Goldschmidt and Ender Inciarte were in a four-way tie for 24th with just 21 swipes between them.

In this kind of environment, where there's a shortage of players who can single-handedly keep you competitive in the category, it's more important than ever to diversify your baserunning portfolio. Jose Iglesias isn't thought of as much of a base stealer and managed just 11 SBs in 2015, but finding a few guys with double digits like him could make a huge difference in the final standings. Other players who aren't really considered big-time speed merchants -- but might supply crucial steals for you at the margins -- are Brock Holt, Josh Harrison and whoever the Royals' fourth outfielder is at any given moment.

Push for a category change

This one's a little more hard core. Rather than exploiting the informational advantage related to steals being down and loading up on speedsters, you could try to convince your league to remove swipes from the equation entirely. In a traditional 5x5 setup, for instance, replacing BA and SB with SLG and OBP would make the hitting categories a more accurate reflection of MLB offense in the 21st century (as well as balancing the counting stat vs ratio stat categories between hitting and pitching). It may not be as ruthless as quietly stockpiling proven base-stealers, but it might be better for your league overall in the long haul.

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ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Erik Siegrist
Erik Siegrist is an FSWA award-winning columnist who covers all four major North American sports (that means the NHL, not NASCAR) and whose beat extends back to the days when the Nationals were the Expos and the Thunder were the Sonics. He was the inaugural champion of Rotowire's Staff Keeper baseball league. His work has also appeared at Baseball Prospectus.
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